The Bowen’s Reaction Series is a concept in geology that explains the order in which minerals crystallize from cooling magma. The series was developed by Canadian geologist Norman L. Bowen in the early 20th century. Bowen began a series of laboratory experiments to establish the sequence of silicate minerals crystallization from a melt. To carry … Read more
Magma definition Magma is naturally occurring molten or semi-molten rock material, generated within the Earth from which igneous rocks are derived through solidification and related processes. Magma is found beneath the surface of the Earth. Magma is typically composed of silicate minerals such as feldspar, mica, and quartz, as well as various dissolved gases, such … Read more
Metamorphism The mineralogical, chemical, and structural adjustment of solid rocks to physical and chemical conditions which have generally been imposed at depth below the surface zones of weathering and cementation, and which differ from the conditions under which the rocks in question originated. Metamorphism means to “change form,”. In other words, metamorphism is a process … Read more
Three agents of metamorphism are temperature, pressure and chemically active fluids. Metamorphic rocks form by recrystallization in the solid state because of changes in temperature, pressure, or the composition of pore fluids. Agents of Metamorphism The process of metamorphism of rocks happens due to the effects of high temperature, pressure and chemically active fluids. These … Read more
Igneous Rocks are formed by cooling or solidification of molten or partly molten material, i.e. from a magma or lava. Igneous rocks are first formed rocks which had made up the primodial earth’s crust. For this reason, they are called primary rocks. Origin of Igneous Rocks The igneous rocks are formed at high temperature directly … Read more