Physical properties of minerals are distinct that in most cases can be used for their identification. By examining hand specimens by visual inspection or using a hand lens. Rarely is a mineral identified by a single property. These properties need to be considered together to correctly identify a mineral. All minerals have certain properties that … Read more
The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 (MMDR Act) provides a legal and regulatory framework for mining operations in India, including the granting of licences and leases, payment of royalties, and the development of minerals, ensuring that mining activities are conducted in a sustainable, transparent, and regulated manner. Below is a structured summary … Read more
Cement serves as a crucial binder in construction, facilitating the setting, hardening, and adherence of various materials. Typically inorganic, cement used in construction primarily consists of lime or calcium silicate. Cement grade limestone, a specific type of limestone, serves as a vital raw material in cement production. The quantity of limestone required correlates directly with … Read more
A geographic information system (GIS) is a systematic collection of hardware, software, and data designed to store, process, analyze, query, and display information for decision-making and accurate analysis of spatial data.
What is Geology? Geology is the scientific study of the Earth, including its composition, structure, processes, and history. It is a multidisciplinary field that combines elements of physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics, and engineering to understand the Earth’s physical characteristics and the processes that have shaped it over billions of years. Geologists study a wide range … Read more
What type rock is Granite? Granite is a coarse-grained igneous rock composed of about 25 percent quartz and roughly 65 percent feldspar, mostly potassium and sodium-rich feldspar. Quartz are roughly spherical in shape, are often glassy and clear to light gray in colour. Feldspar crystals are generally white to gray or salmon pink in colour … Read more
Framboidal pyrite usually have a spheroidal or sub-spheroidal outer form.
Definition of fat clays It is fine grained soil. Fat clays are cohesive and compressible in nature with high plasticity and liquid limit of 50 or greater. It is symbolized as CH. Such type of clays contains high proportion of minerals that make it greasy to the feel. What are problems associated with Fat Clays? … Read more
The cycle of opening and closing ocean basins is known as the Wilson Cycle. The term Wilson Cycle named after J. Tuzo Wilson who first described it in 1966. A Wilson Cycle begins with rifting and seafloor spreading followed by the opening of an ocean basin with passive continental margins on both sides, then closing … Read more
Porosity is the percentage of the bulk volume of a rock or soil that is occupied by interstices, whether isolated or connected. Effective porosity is the percent of the total volume of a given mass of soil or rock that consists of interconnected interstices. Types of Porosity Primary porosity is the porosity that developed during … Read more